Correctional Facilities and Environments - 1166 Words

Processes of Correctional Environments: Correctional facilities play an integral role in the criminal justice system as many individuals who are convicted of offenses are normally placed on probation rather than being sent to prison. In other cases, convicted criminals who have served their jail terms are usually released on parole. In addition to meeting other requirements, criminals are required to stay out of trouble during parole and probation periods. In order to prevent offenders from committing new offenses; probation, parole, and correctional treatments officers and specialists are involved in supervision of these criminals. Probation officers are involved in supervising criminals placed on probation rather than prison while parole officers supervise those who have been released from prison. On the other hand, correctional treatment specialists counsel criminals and develop rehabilitation plans for them to follow upon their release from prison or parole. Processes of Jails, Prisons, Probation, and Parole: As part of accomplishing their mandates, probation and parole officers usually meet the offenders through personal contact with them and their families. These officers meet with the criminals in their homes and employment places for therapy sessions and also seek help from community organizations and other necessary institutions and groups. In some cases, parole and probation processes involve the requirement for the offenders to wear electronic devices soShow MoreRelatedCorrectional Facilities And A Safe Environment For Both Inmates And The Staff Of The Facility Essay1929 Words   |  8 PagesIt is critical that correctional facilities have proper polices and procedures in place to ensure a safe environment for both the inmates and the staff of the facility. According to the United States Department of Justice (USDOJ), â€Å"Over 10,000 ex-prisoners are relased from America’s state and federal prisons every week and arrive on the doorsteps of our nation’s communities† (â€Å"Prisoners and Prisoner Re-Entry, para 1). Understanding and knowing what works within a facility can mean life or death.Read MoreEssay about Correctional System1469 Words   |  6 PagesThe U.S. correctional system has come under critical public scrutiny which has corrections administrators scrambling to find ways to run effective correctional facilities. The reality of corrections administration today is that it is changing. Major issues of this changing environment include ongoing budget concerns, privatization, technology, overcrowding, program issues, personnel management, security issues, and legal issues. This paper examines these current issues facing correctional administratorsRead MoreLife of a Correctional Officer1056 Words   |  5 PagesLIFE OF A CORRECTIONAL OFFICER CRJ: 303 Corrections 17 March 2013 Abstract The life of a correctional officer is something that is easily over looked. Not understanding or knowing the intricate details that go into what it actually takes to coexist with incarcerated inmates is one of the reasons that the general public is able to go about their daily lives, not thinking or wondering how those inmates are controlled. Correctional officers have one of the hardest jobs on the planet, having to workRead MoreThe Picture Of The Prison887 Words   |  4 Pagescastle. The environment depicting the dark and gloomy hallways leading to the multi-level tiers of cells, which housing hundreds of convicted felonies that would never see the light of day. The description is pretty much accurate. The prisons of the late 1800’s and early 1900’s were design that way to allow for unobstructed view of the cell block and galleries of inmates housed there, using a limited amount of man power (Prison Security Goes High-Tech.) (2013). The Departments of Correctional ServicesRead MoreOvercrowding Of Prisons And Its Effects On Inmates1389 Words   |  6 PagesOvercrowding in Prisons In the United States, the increasing population within prisons contribute to the stress regarding the security of correctional facilities’ and the negative effects on inmates. Overcrowding can be defined as a space with a concentrated number of objects or people in a space beyond comfort. According to Verne Cox, PhD, â€Å"as a group of prison researchers summarized, in the 1980s [...] crowding in prisons is a major source of administrative problems and adversely affects inmateRead MoreEmployee Attitude and Satisfaction in a Prison1318 Words   |  5 Pagesthis prison is significantly affected by racial groupings, which in turn has a major effect on their job satisfaction. This paper examines the issue of employee attitude and satisfaction at the prison, which is characterized with difficult working environment and ineffective attempts to enhance employee racial relations. The evaluation is based on the use of several sources whose credibility is based on the publishers a nd their contributions to the criminal justice field. Employee Attitudes in an Organization: Read MoreWhy Juveniles Should Not Be Legal1254 Words   |  6 Pagesqualitative methods. The first part of the study would be conducted in a juvenile and adult correctional facility whereas the second part of the study would take place in the city of Houston, Texas with university students and residents as test subjects. The juvenile and adult correctional facility directors would be contacted and informed prior to the commencement of the study. Two correctional facilities would be studied. The juvenile sample population would consists of juveniles that have beenRead MoreInternal And External And Internal Stakeholders1428 Words   |  6 PagesSome of the external and internal Stakeholders in our corrections are: Police Agencies: If the local police decide to conduct a large sweep of offenders who have warrants or make mass arrests of people involved in the drug trade, their pre-trial facilities can expect a large night of intakes, many of whom may be under the influence or detoxing (Horgan , 2012). Our counts are reliant on the number of arrests that the police make and our medical staffs often are required to deal with a sick populationRead MoreRehabilitation Is Essential For Human Life1669 Words   |  7 Pagesof events including injuries, disease, drug abuse and crime related cases. This paper concentrates on rehabilitation in corrections. Most of the people who are in correctional facilities might have been perpetrators of crime. Placement in a correctional institution means subjection to a completely new environment. This new environment furthers the need for rehabilitation as it has the potential to create harsher criminals. (Sykes, 2007). There is great connectedness between rehabili tation and theRead MoreCorrections in teh Criminal Justice System1076 Words   |  4 Pagescorrections in the United States. The village style, communal life of colonial America did not lend itself to extensive use of institutional incarceration. Resources and expertise for erecting jails or prison facilities were non-existent. A few jails were used as short-term housing facilities for those awaiting trial or imposition of a sentence. Some offenders served short jail terms, but one reason jails were not used as frequently as in later times was due to economics. Even today, jails and prisons

Law of Seas Notes Free Essays

Limitations: Article 116 – there are 3 ways in which people who whose to fish on high seas are limited. What’s the limitation of fishing on high seas. – answer Isn’t 87, BUT article 116 treaty obligations must be complied with, rights and duties of coastal states must be respected. We will write a custom essay sample on Law of Seas Notes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Articles 116-120 – relate to conservation and management of living sources on the high seas. Article 118 – says that countries should cooperate, subrogation fisheries and organizations so government agencies can assess what’s being exploited so as to negotiate resources. Article 119 – when Investigating exploitation and resources, must use best scientific evidence that gives maximum sustainable yields. Consider dependent species – IPPP Can’t be discriminatory and can’t be against fisherman of particular state. Backwards from high seas what’s the next zone – economic zone – distances are important – 24 to 200 nautical miles Then next zone is contiguous zone – stretches from territorial zone out to economic zone. If you know these you can flick through the book what Is the contiguous zone and what does It do? What article relates to contiguous zone – article 33 – slide number 12. What is the limitation of the contiguous zone – a state MAY control immigration in the contiguous zone – we can stop them from gashing, Infringing customs laws, sanitary laws or any regulations within the territory or territorial sea ? If no legislation, state can do nothing. From where contiguous zone is measured – from baseline – coastline is Jagged therefore they use low watermark to do it. Need to know the article – whenever you get question, you must tell article. I OFF Territorial sea – articles 3, 17 and 18. Territorial limitation is key to security for a nation. Ships are actually allowed from foreign nations can travel through, only limitation on them is stout in article 18-21 – got to tell what PASSAGE actually means (article 18). Can’t enter internal waters (where sea enters rivers) but allowed to traverse the sea. Must be expeditious (article 18(2)) got to keep going – expeditious (check dictionary) – relatively quickly. Always exceptions – legislation says well okay even though you have to keep going, you can anchor but only if it is part of your navigation procedures. That would mean ports authority would know (have permission). However, it says that force measure (serious intervention in the normal course of undertaking – e. G. Wild storm) so you can port for protection – or distress call – you can render assistance from ships, aircraft. You can only travel in territorial waters if passage is innocent (look at 19 and 21 said lecturer) – article 19 – meaning of innocent passage – 19(1) not prejudicial to the peace of the state, good order or security. Under article 19(2) – shows what ship cannot do through territorial waters. Question on innocent passage. Marks taken off if you go to wrong subsection – read question carefully. Foreigners not allowed to fish in territorial waters. Do need to know article 19. Article 21 – allows laws and regulations of coastal state in respect to the territorial sea – innocent passage. Must be inline with UNCLOGS and international law. Safety of navigation, protection of navigational aids and facilities is critical of innocent passage. Conservation of fisheries and marine ecosystem – ship cannot infringe fishing laws, can’t pollute, no marine research. Article 24 – may not be a definite answer and take two sides e. G. If this if that, may be because of this etc. Reason through a problem. Duties imposed upon a coastal state: Mustn’t hamper passage of foreign ships. Can’t impose requirement on foreign ships which deny innocent passage. Can’t discriminate – e. G. One from France, Italy, Indonesia – can’t go to Indonesia automatically (defiance of 24 1(b)). Must warn of any likely danger – e. G. Buoys etc. (24 article) Article 25 – coastal state can do anything where they think that the passage is not innocent. Got to refer to 19 and has to have reasonable proof. Rights of coastal states Only require to know certain articles put up in learn (slides). Don’t want you to look at other articles Section 3 of the exam (consisting of 5 questions and 12 marks will be to do with End of the line – documentary 1 billion people out of 7. 3 billion rely on fish as source of protein instead of chicken/ other meats/ the likelihood of seafood running out by 2048 is high – not long to make stance Once fisheries collapse 250 million people will have there food supplies threatened 70% of global fisheries are beyond there capacity 90% of large fish in ocean have been fished out 1% of the worlds industrial fishing fleets result in 50% of world catches – what on earth can be done? Mediumistic – blue fin tuna – largely responsible. Also the large fishing trawlers. Global fishing fleets now are 250% larger than the oceans can sustain Only 6% of the worlds oceans are actually protected e. G. Bahamas. We have got areas around news coastline protected. Cog Clove area. 40% of worlds oceans would be natural reserves blue fin tuna is major problem – 6 billion worth of illegal blue fin tuna have been fished over last 20 years. Mediumistic is freezing them. Price of tuna fish on the market is $100,000 – imagine Mediumistic price later Enormous drop in shark species over last 20 years. 5 species have dropped by 50% Tuna catches use massive nets – killing thousands of turtles, sea birds and sharks which Just get dumped back in ocean. 22,000 tones is the legal limit for tuna – currently 60,000 tones. Illegal fishing worth 9 billion a year – 52% of fish stocks are now fully exploited. If we establish exclusion ones for fishin g it is possible that the biodiversity in fish stocks will be able to come back – but will take years Suggested that you check what your eating is sustainable – if not – don’t touch it. Lecture 13 (29/06/14) – High seas belongs to everybody, and can virtually do what you want. UNCLOGS – separates prevention reduction and control on marine pollution from the rules that conserve and manage living resources. Focused on second part – sustainability. Only other convention that protects Is there any convention in the world that controls the fishing of various stocks in the high seas and beyond the continental shelf – NO How to cite Law of Seas Notes, Essays

Nuclear Weapons Scars on the earth Essay Example For Students

Nuclear Weapons: Scars on the earth Essay Sean Anthony PulsiferMrs. Karen YeagerAdvanced Composition 123 December 1999Nuclear Weapons: Scars on the EarthNuclear weapons have a long-lasting and devastating effect on the world for many years after an initial explosion. Fallout from United States atmospheric testing from 1945 to 1963 killed an estimated 70,000 to 800,000 people worldwide. People who have worked in the early nuclear weapons programs have been exposed to significant amounts of radiation (Schwartz 395). When a nuclear weapon goes off, there are four basic types of explosions: air bursts, surface blast, subsurface burst, and high altitude burst. An air burst occurs when a weapon is detonated at a height so the fireball does not reach the surface of the earth (Effects Nuclear Explosions). When the shock wave hits the ground, the first wave will bounce off to create a second wave. When the blast is higher off the ground, the initial shock wave will be weaker, but will effect a larger area (5.0 Effects Nuclear Weapons). By varying the altitude of the explosion, one can change the blast effects, thermal effects, and radiation effects. Although initially radiation will be a hazard, but the fallout hazard will be almost zero. A surface burst occurs when a bomb is detonated on or slightly above the earth. Under these conditions, the fireball will encounter the earth. As opposed to air bursts, fallout can be a hazard (Effects Nuclear Explosions). In a surface blast, the shock wave will trave l better through the ground (5.0 Effects Nuclear Weapons). A subsurface burst occurs when the bomb goes off underneath the land or under the water (Effects Nuclear Explosions).In a subsurface water explosion, water would be what a person would see. In addition, the shock wave a person would see will be carrying up to 5% of the total energy. Waves formed from the blast would be upwards of ten meters high and travel for hundreds of miles. If were to crash into a harbor or estuaries, it would cause massive destruction (Pittock 13). Usually a crater will be the result. A result of a subsurface blast will be very heavy local fallout radiation (Effects Nuclear Explosions). A subsurface bomb will also cut thermal radiation to zero (5.0 Effects Nuclear Weapons). A high altitude burst occurs when the blast is over 30 kilometers high. The fireball from a high altitude burst will be large and travel much faster. The radiation from the blast could travel for hundreds of miles, therefore contaminating a large area. A blast like this could create an intense electromagnetic pulse (EMP) which will destroy anything electronic (Effects Nuclear Explosions). The blast wave is formed from very high temperatures and moves away from the center of the ground-zero. While expanding, the peaks pressure decreases, and the propagation goes down from the supersonic speed. Most of the destruction from a nuclear blast is from the blast effects. The range of the blast will determine the explosive yield of the weapon (5.0 Effects Nuclear Weapons). There are many sources for nuclear radiation such as initial radiation, residual radiation, and fallout. About 5% of all of the energy from a nuclear explosion are in the form of initial radiation. Intensity from the blast will go down very rapidly with distance from the blast, because of the large area fallout will travel. Residual radiation comes in three forms: fission products, unfissioned nuclear material, and neutron-induced activity. There are more than 300 fission products. Most of these have very short half-lives. However, some of them have half-lives that can be month or years. Unfissioned nuclear material would be some uranium or plutonium that does not undergo fission and are dispersed from the explosion. Neutron-induced activity happens when nuclei are exposed to a major change of neutron radiation, thus making them radioactive. A small area around ground-zero would be the most likely candidate for neutron-induced activity. Perhaps one of the most deadly effects of a nuclear blast would be fallout. Fallout comes in three major forms: Worldwide fallout, local fallout, and me teorological effects. Worldwide fallout occurs after a nuclear blast and small particles are drawn up into the atmosphere and will travel by atmospheric winds and settle on the earth. There is a long-term danger of worldwide fallout because of the isotopes strontium-90 and cesium-137, which have a very long half-life. These will enter the body from food that has been contaminated with these two radioactive isotopes. In a surface blast, large amounts of debris will be vaporized by the intense heat of the fireball and be sucked up into the radioactive cloud. By doing this, the material will become radioactive and fall back to the earth as local fallout. When a person stays in a contaminated area, they will be affected by radiation. Meteorological effects will effect fallout, most likely local fallout. Some factors from meteorological effects that could accelerate local fallout would be snow and rain (Effects Nuclear Explosions). History Of Unions And Their Relevance In Todays Australian Society EssayA worst case scenario of a nuclear exchange would be a nuclear winter. A nuclear winter occurs when a bomb goes off, causing dust to fly up and block out the sun light. The worst case of nuclear winter would be a Case 9. This would occur when three-quarters of each superpowers weapons are shot off instantaneously, although this is unlike to happen. The results of this would be horrific. In a 10,000 MT (mega-ton) case, the air temperature world wide would be lowered to about -53oF for several months (Child 64,68). One of the main effects of nuclear war on the biosphere would be fire. The fires can be classified into three groups lower, upper, and underground. The lower group would consist of moss, grass, forest litter, and fallen branches. These types of fires would be the most widespread. The upper group is made up of trees, and the grass cover of the soil. In an underground fire, most of what is being burned is the tree roots (Svirezhev 33). Fires can also be started indirectly, by means of blast damage. This would be caused by damage caused to gas line, water heaters, and furnaces. However, a significant amount of material must burn for a long period before it would be self-sustaining (Harris 36). After a nuclear war, food supplies would be at a low level Crops would be weaker against fighting diseases, and the temperature change from a possible nuclear winter would kill of some of the crops. As the years would go on, crops would be exploited, causing them to shorten their long-term productivity (Harwell 476-477)Post-war effects would have little effect on the arctic ecosystem because they are used to the cold weather. Plants would most likely go into a dormant state brought upon by the cold weather. This would cause most herbivores to perish because there would simply be not enough food. In fact, some animals could become extinct. The forest ecosystem would be hit the hardest. This ecosystem would have to deal with fire, cold, drought, radiation, and locally high concentration of highly toxic gases. If the attack were to be in the winter, most trees would be in their dormant stage and might be able to withstand these conditions. In the southern regions, trees would not be rea dy for the sudden onslaught of the cold weather. Approximately one to three quarters of the plants would die from the cold weather. In a tropical ecosystem, the effects would be devastating. The temperatures are relatively constant. Precipitation would be reduced from 25%-100% and light levels could be down to just 10%. One other effect would be increased likelihood of increased hurricane activity. Ozone depletions from the ultraviolet-radiation would reach as high as 20%-30% in a short amount of time. UV-B rays can be absorbed by DNA, thereby damaging them beyond repair. Among humans, increased UV-B exposure would lead to skin diseases, eye diseases, and changes in the immune system (Dotto 94-96, 105-106). As of just a few years ago, the United States has been spending over two billion dollars on nuclear weapon projects and programs (Schwartz 588). However, is this nation making the right choice by spending a tremendous amount of money on these programs? The writer of this paper would like to close with a quote: There is no safe level of radiation exposure. So the question is not: What is a safe level? The question is: How great is the Risk? Karl Z. MorganWorks CitedBiological Effects of a Nuclear Explosion. n.pag. On-line. Internet. 28 Nov. 1999. Available WWW: http://209.236.112/nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/dod.fm8-9/1ch4.htm. Child, James W. Nuclear War the Moral Dimension. New Brunswick (USA): Social Philosophy and Policy Center and By Transaction, Inc., 1986. Dotto, Lydia. Planet Earth in Jeopardy Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War. Great Britain: John Wiley Sons, 1986. Effects of Nuclear Weapons Section I-General. n.pag. On-line. Internet. 28 Nov. 1999. Available WWW: http://209.207.236.112/nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/dod/fm8-9/1ch3.htm. Harris, John B., and Markusen, Eric. Nuclear Weapons and the Threat of Nuclear War. San Diego: Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich, 1986. Harwell, M.A., and Hutchinson T.C. Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War Volume II Ecological and Agricultural Effects. Great Britain: John Wiley Sons, 1986. Langer, Victor and Thomas, Walter. Nuclear War Funbook, The. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1982. Note on Nuclear Radiation, A. n.pag. On-line. Internet. 28 Nov. 1999. Available WWW: http://209.207.236.112/nuke/hew/Library/DamagePittock, A. B. et al. Environmental Consequences of Nuclear War Volume I Physical and Atmospheric Effects. Great Britain: John Wiley Sons, 1986. Schwartz, Stephen I. Atomic Audit. Harrisonburg, Virginia: Brookings Institution Press, 1998. Section 5.0 Effects of Nuclear Weapons. n. pag. On-line. Internet. 28 Nov. 1999. Available WWW: http://www.fas.org/nuke/hew/Nwfaq/Nfaq5.html. Svirezhev, Yuri M. Ecological and Demographic Consequences of a Nuclear War. German Democratic Republic: Akademie-Verlag Berlin, 1985.

Liliana Mongelli Essays - Greek Mythology, Mythology, Fiction

Liliana Mongelli Professor Kenner Writing through Literature 13 December 2017 In Greek mythology there is no god who is more powerful than Zeus. He is the youngest son of Cronus and Rhea, ruler of the Titans. Cronus was told that one of his children would overthrow him, taking control of his kingdom. To be sure this would not happen, Cronus swallowed his first five children: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, and Poseidon. Rhea could not bear to see another one of her children, devoured so she replaced Zeus with a rock wrapped in swaddling. Cronus, thinking he ate Zeus, left Rhea time to leave Zeus in a cave where he was raised by a divine goat, Amaltheia. After Zeus was grown he went back to Cronus with the help of Gaia and Metis, who made an elixir to cause Cronus to vomit his brothers and sisters. Zeus then led the fights against the Titan dynasty. Afterwards they banished the Titans to Tartarus, the lowest place on earth, even lower than the underworld. Zeus and his brothers then drew straws to find who would rule where. Zeus had rule of the sky, Po seidon ruled the seas, and Hades ruled the underw orld. Zeus is the god of law, justice, morals, thunder, lightning, and rain. It was his job to oversee and make sure laws were being kept. He was worshipped originally as a weather god. He was a middle-aged man with a youthful appearance . Like Zeus, Odin is the god of storms and lightning (less so than Thor his son), but in addition has a rather extensive list of attributes to him. He is also the god wisdom, magic, learning, He is generally depicted as an older man with a full beards and long hair, in addition he is general depicted as missing one of his eyes. Odin carries a spear named Gungnir, which cannot miss it's target, this is a parallel to Zeus's lightning bolt. Odin is the son of Bor, son of Buri, who was born from a cow on back of Ymir's the Titan. Like Zeus, Odin is the direct descendant of the Titans, and when Ymir eventually turned evil, Odin and his two brothers killed Ymir in order to create the world o f man and gods alike. Following the creation of the world, the three brothers created human man from drift wood on the shore. A contrast between the Greek and Norse gods is that the Norse gods were smart and had mortal limitations when it came to wisdom. Odin took the limitations and found ways using his might and wit to overcome them and become the most powerful of the Norse gods. In order to achieve more wisdom, Odin sought out the well of Mimir beneath the world tree Yggdrasil and as a sacrifice to the all knowing Mimir he had to cut out his own eye. Odin ha d qualities, like Zeus's ability to shape shift into animal forms, he is capable of commanding animals. Odin has two ravens who are his eyes and ears on the mortal realm, named Hugin and Munin , thought and desire respectively.

Free Essays on Testin In The Medical Field

â€Å"Mandatory Testing In The Medical Field† Should AIDS testing be mandatory in the medical field? Of course it should. In a study done by the Washington Post in 1989, it was found that 5,815 health care workers had AIDS, this included 42 surgeons. It is known that 40 of those 5,815 contracted it through infected patients. Which means when a person goes to the hospital for any reason any one there could have this disease and very easily pass it on to them unknowingly. Is this the kind of risk patients should have to take. Obviously they are there for some type of illness already, do we need to add a more serious one to the list. One way to narrow the risk of contracting AIDS through health care workers using mandatory testing is by having those health care workers who test positive reveal their results to their patients. Some people believe this is a breech of confidentiality. According to Dr. Lonnie Britow, an AMA Trustee in California, â€Å"The implications are different from any other test that can be run†¦ other diseases don’t mean u lose your job and your insurance coverage† (Chicago Tribune, online). Does this mean that a person’s job and insurance coverage is more important than their patient’s lives. There is a case in which a 23 year old women named Kimberly Berghlis contracted AIDS from her dentist, Dr. David Acer. Now because this woman decided to go to Dr. Acer for her dental work she now has AIDS. Is that fair? Of course not. If Dr. Acer would have taken the proper precautions to protect his patients, either by using proper equipment or by revealing his results, this woman may have been able to lead a healthy life. Instead because of his carelessness or even thoughtlessness she was infected with the virus. Another way to narrow the possibility of contacting AIDS through mandatory testing is once known a person has AIDS, they should be limited to certain procedures that they may perform. F... Free Essays on Testin In The Medical Field Free Essays on Testin In The Medical Field â€Å"Mandatory Testing In The Medical Field† Should AIDS testing be mandatory in the medical field? Of course it should. In a study done by the Washington Post in 1989, it was found that 5,815 health care workers had AIDS, this included 42 surgeons. It is known that 40 of those 5,815 contracted it through infected patients. Which means when a person goes to the hospital for any reason any one there could have this disease and very easily pass it on to them unknowingly. Is this the kind of risk patients should have to take. Obviously they are there for some type of illness already, do we need to add a more serious one to the list. One way to narrow the risk of contracting AIDS through health care workers using mandatory testing is by having those health care workers who test positive reveal their results to their patients. Some people believe this is a breech of confidentiality. According to Dr. Lonnie Britow, an AMA Trustee in California, â€Å"The implications are different from any other test that can be run†¦ other diseases don’t mean u lose your job and your insurance coverage† (Chicago Tribune, online). Does this mean that a person’s job and insurance coverage is more important than their patient’s lives. There is a case in which a 23 year old women named Kimberly Berghlis contracted AIDS from her dentist, Dr. David Acer. Now because this woman decided to go to Dr. Acer for her dental work she now has AIDS. Is that fair? Of course not. If Dr. Acer would have taken the proper precautions to protect his patients, either by using proper equipment or by revealing his results, this woman may have been able to lead a healthy life. Instead because of his carelessness or even thoughtlessness she was infected with the virus. Another way to narrow the possibility of contacting AIDS through mandatory testing is once known a person has AIDS, they should be limited to certain procedures that they may perform. F...

Business and Society

Social sustainability in businesses provides a petitive landscape as today being sustainable is more than an environmental gesture that makes sense for the long term. The panies are set up in the social context such that they are not only supported by a large number of stakeholders but also prises of managing people as well as organizing activities (Bowden 2013). As far as I think, the pany Coca Cola gives the best response to social sustainability as it is going far too as much with 98% of pliance level achievement with human rights policy when it es to managing people at the workplace (Coca-Cola pany 2015). Social sustainability takes in notion the responsibility of the actions that are considered to get a worldwide view of globalization, culture, and munities. When a pany is termed to be, socially ideal then that means it has been selling more products than the other products and has known to be reputable as well as respectful but alternatively is mitigating more risk (Gilbert 2015). However, I think here we are talking about multinational corporations like Wesfarmers, Rio Tinto, Woolworths Limited, National Australia Bank, etc. Nevertheless, ignoring social sustainability can invite issues like human rights as well as future liabilities. I had read recently about the mining industry in Australia where the people working in the industry, as well as people living near big mining projects, are facing issues in health. As a result, the industry has been facing plications in stakeholder management and good governance across environments. Not to mention, we cannot ignore the inhumane treatment that the employers are facing in the mining industry with a fair working wage. It's thereby time to put an end to social irresponsibility and to show a c old shoulder to the injustices taking place. One more example that es to my mind on the issue of sustainability that is apparel panies which have outsourced it manufacturing (weak unit) to Bangladesh. As a result, what happened is that after the collapse of Rana Plaza, they were looking for PR cover, which made the issues prominent in the eyes of media. However, I do not know why panies do not realize that this is increasing their liabilities. The integrity of the worker is not ensured in a pany where they do not flip these liabilities into assets like job security, high wages and safe working conditions for the former and checking the safety and pest contamination through special training to the latter (Rice 2013). Consumers, on the other hand, are on the view that they will entertain only those products whose panies care about environmental and social impact. One of the affluent example could be of the tobacco pany in India known by ITC has involved corporate social responsibilities through social issues like skill building vocational training to enhance employability and generate livelihoods for persons from disadvantaged sections of society (Itcportal 2016). Maintaining social responsibility across the panies has never been easier because as rightly said by Rice (July 2013), nothing can help in practicing social sustainability whether it is right information or right collaborators in the firm. However, the scenario has changed and panies reviews various initiatives for the sustainability model that yields experiences and similarity in goals but the most important issue that are dealt is social injustice, poverty, and opportunity for all that is denied, even for the workers working in the mining industry in Australia. However, if social sustainability is considered a long-term collaboration in any businesses then why it is still a poor strategic response and not a munity engagement everywhere? Although, there are panies like ITC and Coca-Cola Limited that are promoting corporate sustainability but others are only providing recognition of the need to manage social risk in business.   The professional career is often dependent on the cultural language, economic and social nuances of particular families and people. Cultural petence creates opportunities while working in a professional environment. It is based on the society (Caligiuri 2013). According to my personal review, it is seen that schools are culturally diverse when it es to speaking or learning languages or understanding culture's importance at each level. However, during our school times in the school curriculum we had learned of different languages that not only added to our knowledge but also helped in identifying its importance while experiencing professionalism today. This explains cultural petence adds values as well as the strength by making the person well equipped while conveying culturally petent care (National Association of Social Workers 2016). When it es to analysing the professional environment, the culture identifies to meet the leaders who are not culturally diversified or qualified are not able to meet the changing needs of professionalism. Culturally diversified populations like Hispanics, the African-American and Asian people in the growing business scenario in America have been creating issue for the local panies as they are not able to meet their client base and are losing business in the long run as opined by a senior executive in the financial sector in America (Llopis 2011). Cultural understanding rather lack of cultural understanding, on the other hand, elaborates the weal environment at the workplace. During my personal job experience as a tele caller in one of the panies where diversification in language is important, but people never used to survive as a telecaller for long as they could not cope up with the changed languages. As a result, people started leaving the job because the workplace demanded this criterion but did not support in learning because many cultures cannot be developed at the same time. Moreover, it happens that our culture does not match the professionalism used in the workplace. However, during an interview when two candidates with the same qualification are peting, the only deciding factor remains is cultural petence. Lack of culture awareness whether it is related to clarity, relevance, reality, consistency or time for adjustments results in obstructing results in the professional career (Alvesson and Sveningsson 2015). Wheneve r we see any news or get to know anything about different culture, we try to imbibe it because today culture is not limited to social life but to our thinking, even that reflects our nature. In a way, people's knowledge of stereotypes of different cultures has resulted in judgmental behaviour as well as ethnocentrism. Today, problems depict that there is an essential lack of understanding about people especially teenagers and the young adult who illustrate to prove that they know about people's culture and beliefs. Although, learning is important because that highlights that there is the basic understanding of standards between cultures (Sarah 2016). Cultural understanding of knowledge can be distinguished from others depending on the specific gestures, facial expressions as well as body language. However, it is important to know that the cultural intelligence of any level can enhance cultural intelligence on basic business etiquettes, which now would want to work, or aspires to work. One should be thinking on its feet all the time to strike the cultural difference, which will not go unnoticed. The other disadvantage of lack of culture understanding highlights the lack of open-mindedness in a life changing experience because when I was small and use to go to parties, my friends used to call me "Gringos" and in the same way, my Turkish friend called me by "White Trash." However, all these ments are annoying but just because I was brought up in an environment where acceptance of worse situation even made you stronger and adaptable to situations. Nevertheless, all these similar activities can result in differences that could negativ ely affect the nature of the person. In addition, ethnic social groups understanding are negatively related to social difficulties (Miller 2016). On the other hand, change in culture could be challenging, as it needs to be learned and used in different solutions. Moreover, only a school can only provide the cultural change at the beginning whether it is needed for external interference or in the case of dramatic purposes. The practical journey of understanding of culture is only possible when one uses these in carrying to achieve the desired goal.   Ethics has been one of the integral issues that every business needs to maintain. Ethics is governed by moral principles and appropriate conduct of the team or an individual in the profession. The rights and wrongs of a person build at an initial stage will help to understand to differentiate between moral principles (Ferrell and Fraedrich 2016). This can be well cited with personal experience. I have two siblings and being the eldest in my family; my parents tell me to be an example in front of my siblings. However, for an instance, if there was any fight between my siblings, I was the one who sorted out such that I used to ask my brother as well as my sister that what the reasons were that led to the fight. However, after listening to both of them, I used to support the one who was not at fault. Moreover, I used to guide them to the right and wrong things that could govern the argument. On the other hand, just as the example cited above from my personal experience states that every human being has different line of ethics irrespective of the reason we wishes to attribute is right or wrong. However, this can be bated when the person oneself questions that whatever activity was done was vitally moral or not. Although, professionally ethical behaviour differentiates the code of good conduct from the other (Durkheim 2013). I could explain this with the help of the movie’s instance in the movie Spiderman, where to bring down Spiderman's position; Eddie falsely takes a Spiderman's snap and performs Photoshop portraying him to be thief who is stealing from a bank. Although, later Peter Parker (Spiderman) when depicts the reality, Eddie Brock is thrown out of Daily Bugle. I cited this example because Eddie Brock was one of the petitors of Peter Parker at the workplace who wanted to put his position down and raise his standard of pliance, for this he gave a wrong stor y with a false document. This kind of unethical behaviour at workplace leads to an understanding of the difference between good or bad especially at work place. The result of unethical behaviour is always bad and may ruin one's life. However, here in this example the professional code of conduct is hampered and is disintegrated by doing wrong things at the workplace and conversely which leads to impacting others (Levy and Salvin 2013). Nonetheless, when it es to ethics for future professional life, I would always want to be directioned towards my goals and should always keep in mind the petencies that I will build up. In this direction, the future employees like me should always follow a path of ethical standards (Siddiqui, 2014). Although there are others as well, who even aspire for goals but follow planned and intended rather illegal ways to reach the top but following the same, if once caught or observed may lead to a drastic fall in career growth. Nevertheless, an importance of ethics in professional life can be evidenced in some instances from the success and failure of the business and business standards whether it is leaking of a confidential document or illegally getting a document sanctioned, falsifying claiming the revenue of other as one own and many others. All these issues need to be checked, and this can only be ensured by ethical standards (Castronovo 2014). This kind of behaviour anywhere will enable to discredit to our profession that we would be practicing. However, we should follow good ethics that always enhances our image when contrasting with the realistic image of the organization by letting our conscience guide us at all times. Albert Schweitzer rightly said, "Ethics is the activity of man directed to secure the inner perfection of his personality" (Siddiqui, 2014).  Ã‚   Alvesson, M. and Sveningsson, S., 2015.  Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Bond, C.J. and Kirsch, P., 2015. Vulnerable populations affected by mining: Predicting and preventing outbreaks of physical violence.  The Extractive Industries and Society,  2(3), pp.552-561. Bowden, R. 2013.  The Importance Of Social Sustainability And Your Business. SteamFeed. Caligiuri, P., 2013.  Cultural agility: Building a pipeline of successful global professionals. John Wiley & Sons. Castronovo, R., 2014.  Propaganda 1776: Secrets, Leaks, and Revolutionary munications in Early America. Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2016.  Business ethics: Ethical decision making & cases. Nelson Education. Gilbert, S.D., 2015.  Business Liability and Economic Damages. Business Expert Press.

Accounting Theory (Australia) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accounting Theory (Australia) - Essay Example Presently, the Japanese Generally Accepted Accounting Principles are recognized by the European Union. The Financial Services Agency of Japan is also working to have common regulations with the International Financial Reporting Standards. The Business Accounting Council has come up with deliberations about the treatment of consolidated financial statement based upon International Financial Reporting Standards within the purview of Japanese Security Exchange Law. This measure has been presumed as the regulatory response of Japan as it involves the treatment of IFRS based consolidated financial statement prepared by issuers of both, Japan as well as foreigners, to be listed in the Japanese market. Japan and other Asian countries should participate more into the regulatory authorities for their own benefit. Their valuable presence in the committees would voice their needs and requirements. Presently, the Accounting Standard Board of Japan is trying to build up consensus over various financial regulatory issues among the Asian economies. Among the various regulatory issues, BASEL reforms have been very crucial for the transformation of the banking sector. It has been observed that there have been certain issues in terms of compliance of BASEL norms in Japan. The financial disorder prevalent in the last decade and the continuous postponement of resolution of non – performing loan (NPL) hindered compliance with the BASEL standards in Japan along with propagating political intervention in the economy of Japan that considerably hampered bank regulations. Today, it is almost certain in the periphery of the financial regulations that IFRS would make way for GAAP in due course of time as it has already adopted by European Union. Japan should focus more on accounting standards of IFRS rather than that of GAAP to be in line with the